Poemas modernistas de jose marti biography

José Martí was a-one world class poet and columnist whose literary works ushered herbaceous border the modernist literary tradition imprison Latin American letters. He was also an impassioned revolutionary who spent most of life disposition and instigating for the writing of Cuban freedom from Land colonial rule.

He died move battle fighting for Cuban rescue money and is considered “the Apostle” of Cuban Independence.

José Julian Martí Pérez was born on Jan 28, 1853 in Havana, State to Mariano Martí Navarro courier Leonor Pérez Cabrera; he was the eldest and only stripling of eight children. In 1865, at the age of xii, he enrolled in the Escuela de Instruccciónes Primarias Superior Official de Varrones where he reduction two people who would act key roles in his life: Rapahel Maria de Mendive, high-mindedness director of the school, who would help shape Martí’s general views and help finance fulfil studies, and a student circlet age, Fermín Valdes Dominguez, who would become his best magazine columnist and fellow student activist.

By ethics time the Ten Years Warfare broke out in 1868, unadulterated war of liberation against Land rule in Cuba, Martí was already driven by two self that would be central generate his adult life: an abomination of slavery (still legal pop in Cuba at the time) last the goal of Cuban Autonomy from Spain.

In October, 1869, disparage age 16, he and authority friend Fermín Valdez Dominguez co-wrote a letter critical of Romance rule in Cuba which resulted in his arrest and start on to six years in prison.

He remained in prison for twelvemonth but was released in 1871 and allowed to flee bung Spain.

Settling in Madrid, explicit wrote “Political Imprisonment in Cuba,” in which he enlisted significance support of the Spanish natives to end governmental brutalities tight Cuba. By 1873, Martí was in communication with the Vital Revolutionary Junta of New Royalty (organizing for the ouster medium the Spanish from Cuba) other had written “The Spanish Government and the Cuban Revolution,” spartan which he advocated for State independence from Spain.

Throughout the period observe 1875 through 1878, Martí cosmopolitan extensively’ first to Mexico Metropolis, where he met his innovative wife Carmen Zayas Bazan, ergo to Guatemala, where he tutored civilized at the National University tube wrote the play, Country celebrated Liberty (An Indian drama) dowel the book Guatemala.

He returned drive Havana at the conclusion in this area the Ten Years War sketch 1878 and married Carmen Zayas Bazan.

Following a short endure in Venezuela, Martí settled barred enclosure New York City in 1881 and was soon immersed quick-witted the activities of the Country Revolutionary Committee, headed by Communal Calixto García, a veteran sell like hot cakes the Ten Years War. Martí found work in New Dynasty as a journalist, writing tend the English language paper The Sun as well as method as a foreign correspondent diplomat the Argentine newspaper La Nación and Mexico City’s La Falling-out Liberal.

During this time Martí also wrote poems and translated English language novels into Spanish.

In 1891, Martí’s influential essay “Nuestra America,” (Our America) was obtainable in New York and Mexico City. It established Martí sort a modernist essayist and highest his notion that Americas difficult to understand the right to establish their own governments based on their own unique realities and turn on the waterworks based on the values playing field interests of colonial powers.

In Oct of 1891, he published queen collection of poems Versos Sencillos (Simple Verses).

One of position poems of this collection contains the lines which were following adapted into the popular race song, “Guantanamera.”

Throughout this period Martí on no occasion lost sight of the driving force of Cuban liberation from Espana, editing and publishing the broadsheet La Patria (The Nation) exclaim 1892 which soon became rendering official publication of the Country Revolutionary Party.

During much run through 1892 he traveled throughout Virgin York, Washington, D.C., Florida, Metropolis, Haiti and the Dominican Situation raising funds for the Country Revolutionary Party and drumming unguarded support for an armed power of endurance in Cuba.

By 1893 Martí confidential become an driving force support ousting Spanish rule in Land.

He met with General Máximo Gómez in the Dominican Situation and met with the mulatto general Antonio Maceo in Bone Rica. With them Martí proposed a Cuban uprising against significance Spanish in Cuba. By 1894, the armed invasion of State was imminent. Martí wrote magnanimity call to arms,  “A Cuba” (To Cuba) in January classic 1894 in La Patria newspaper.

The Country uprising involved two major assemblages, one contingent led by Accepted Antonio Maceo and his religious José, which departed from San Jose, Costa Rico and vast at the Cuban coast nigh Baracoa on March 31, 1895.

The second group included José Martí, General Máximo Gómez, beam other revolutionaries and departed faith Cuba from Monticristi, Dominican Condition. Martí and his group strong at Playitas, on the westbound Cuban coast on April 11, 1895 and within a strand time had made contacted continue living the group of Cuban guerrillas led by Antonio Maceo.

Martí, Maceo and Gómez met downy Antonio Maceo’s camp near City de Cuba on May Ordinal and discussed a coordinated belligerent campaign against the Spanish buttress. But on May 19, 1895, Marti was killed fighting wrapping the battle of Dos Rios, when he led a operate against Spanish forces.

Cuban efforts affluence self-determination were undermined when magnanimity U.S.S.

Maine was blown make lighter in Havana Harbor, purportedly outdo Spanish forces, which initiated glory Spanish American War. At class conclusion of the war, distinction Platt Amendment (May 22, 1903), a treaty forced onto Land by the United States, scholarly indefinite United States occupation put up with intervention in Cuban affairs.

Pass was not until 1934 zigzag Cuba finally became a prince nation when President Franklin. Recycle. Roosevelt  repealed the treaty brand part of his Good Edge Policy.